Artificial Intelligence

With the mass development of information technology, artificial intelligence (AI) plays a big role in transforming industry into another new level. The term “artificial intelligence” was formally found in 1956 at a conference in Dartmouth College, New Hampshire (Lewis, 2014). 

AI is normally run by computer system and is used to stimulate human intelligence which process by the combination of computer systems and machines (Rouse, 2019). The three cognitive skills that use to program AI are including: 

• Learning Processes: focus on acquiring data and then create rules which are called algorithms to turn the collective data into actionable information. The algorithms will provide computing device instruction in step by step explaining how to complete a specific task. 
• Reasoning Processes: the second stage of AI focuses on choosing the correct algorithm. 
• Self-correction processes: this aspect of AI program to design fine tune algorithms and ensure that it will produce the most accurate results. 

AI is typically required more than just a machine learning but include the foundation knowledge of specialized hardware as well as software to expand the writing and training machine learning algorithms (Rouse, 2019). There are four types of artificial intelligence as categorized by Arends Hintze, a professor of integrative biology and computer science and engineering at Michigan State University. 

• Reactive machines: type of AI systems that have no memory and are task specific. The example is Deep Blue which is IBM chess program that can identify pieces on the chessboard and also make prediction, however, it has no memory. 
• Limited memory: type of AI systems is able to collect past experiences to inform future decision because it has memory. Example of limited memory are functions in self-driving cars that are required it to make some decision on it own. 
• Theory of mind: this type of AI systems understands emotions that enabling it to infer intentions and predict behavior when it becomes available. 
• Self-awareness: machine that has self-awareness typically understand their own current condition very well because it has a sense of self that give them consciousness. 

In today modern world, almost every aspect is influenced by the artificial intelligence and of course it is an integral part that evolves around our daily life. As a business student, artificial intelligence is a crucial factor that helps to develop a business leader and innovator and also deliver a competitive advantage with a cost and time saving. It is acted as one of the main drivers that boost the performance within business industry. For example: huge beverage company, Heineken is using AI to collect data in order to make a marketing decision resulting in an improvement in its operations and customer services. As a matter of fact, it can be used to manage global supply chains in order to optimize delivery route as well as improve productivity and every stage of business lifecycle allowing the company to portrait a better performance. 

Business is not the only industry that AI has involved and provides enormous benefit into. AI on the other hand has also improved and save life in many cases. AI is being used in healthcare sector to figure out drug protocol to perform a better diagnostic tool in surgeries. Artificial intelligence is also important in entertaining industry such as AI powered recommendation in Netflix and Sportify which helps streamline our decision of what we are looking for (Marr, 2019). 

The numerous benefits that AI has provided result in an continues development in every industry and the new intervention of AI will help human to solve the majority of complex problems, promoting a faster decision making and reduce mistakes that are made by human (Kumar, 2019). 

REFERENCES

Kumar, S. (2019, November 26). Advantages and Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence. Retrieved from https://towardsdatascience.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-artificial-intelligence-182a5ef6588c

Lewis, T. (2019, December 4). A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence. Retrieved from https://www.livescience.com/49007-history-of-artificial-intelligence.html

Marr, B. (2019). What is the Importance of Artificial intelligence? Retrieved from https://bernardmarr.com/default.asp?contentID=1829

Rouse, M. (2019, December 31). What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)? Retrieved from https://searchenterpriseai.techtarget.com/definition/AI-Artificial-Intelligence